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Ling Tingkan’s “reward” thinking and evaluation
Written by Providing online car racing fee Author: Pan Bin (Teacher from the Northeast Financial Major Social Development Research Institute)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” 2023 Issue 2
Abstract: Ling Tingkan wrote three articles in “reward” and hoped to become a person who “opens up the beginning” and “remedys” in the mid-Qing Dynasty. Based on the basis of criticizing ancient and modern science, he established his own “reward” thinking system. Rong occupies a major position in Ling’s academic thinking system, and is the key and soul that penetrates his academic thinking system. He believed that the ceremony was the “five constants” of the “five constants”. His statement of “learning the virtues and rejuvenation” not only emphasized the first-hand moral character and conscience, but did not ignore acquired education, but was a reconciliation of the words of Meng and Xun. Regarding the “repair” discussion proposed by Li Ao, Ling Tingkan proposed the “repair” without any intention and took the initiative to realize “repair” through “repair”.
Ling Tingkan (1757-1809) was a famous scholar and thinker during the Qianlong and Jiaqing period. His learning is nothing but good at learning, and his studies are all very good at teaching. In addition to considering the “Greeting Examples” with great color, Ling also has the sensible works “Greeting” first, middle and second chapters, “Greeting” first and second chapters, and “Prespect for Exclusive Things”. Ling’s achievements in gift studies have long attracted the attention of the academic community, and there are more relevant research and discussion results. In contrast, his gifted thinking has not been too important and has been discussed less. However, in recent years, Ling’s “reward” thinking has begun to attract attention from the academic community, such as Zhang Li’an and Zhang Lizhu, Chinese Taiwanese students Chen Juqing and Xu Daobin, etc., have commented on the landscape, origin, content and influence of Ling’s thoughts. 【1】A discussion by experts is helpful for presenting the faces and characteristics of Ling’s tribute thinking. However, during the discussion, various schools did not analyze the relationship between the focus concepts and models of Ling’s “reward” study and the Song and Ming dynasties, nor did they pay attention to the relationship between the Ling’s “reward” thinking and the discussion on “reward” of Li Ao in the middle Tang Dynasty. Therefore, related research and discussions failed to remind Ling of the deep-level motor of “Reunion” and the evaluation of Ling’s “Reunion” also had a bias. In this regard, this article re-evaluates the “reward” thinking on the basis of analyzing the relationship between Ling’s “reward” thinking and his academic fantasy and the connotation of his “reward” thinking.
1. Ling Tingkan’s academic fantasy and his “reward” thinkingLeave
Ling Tingkan has a clear understanding of ancient and modern learning. When reminding the origin and evolution of academic disciplines, he said: “If you think about it, the academic discipline is in the whole country and will change for hundreds of years. When it is about to change, one or two people must open their heads, and hundreds of people will attack them; once it is changed, one or two people must gather them together, and hundreds of people will follow them in a row. If you only attack them, the whole country will see the differences of academic disciplines, and the disadvantages will not be reflected; if you only follow them, the whole country will not see the differences of academic disciplines, and the disadvantages will beBaoqing.com was born. At that time, there must be one or two people who have solved their shortcomings and insisted on them. After their changes for a long time, countries will use the rule of law to encourage them to benefit them. When their words are young, they will not know what they are wrong, and the whole country will be content with peace. After their peace is long, some people will think about it and change it. This is the age of the age of learning. “[2] The evolution of national academics has rules to follow, and the time when the reproduction needs to be changed after a long timeCarrying contracts must have “one or two people open their ends” and “one or two people destroy their shortcomings”. Ling’s academic fantasy is to hope to become a person who “opens up the ground” and “reduces the disadvantages”. Based on the basis of criticizing ancient and modern science, he constructed his own scientific thinking system.
Like Huizhou students Dai Zhen and Cheng Huitian, Ling Tingkan criticized Song and Ming Philology. He believes that science and learning are essentially the same. For example, for the “reason” of the focus of theory, Ling said: “In the examination of “The Book of Thoughts” and “Big School”, there is no word “reason”. Because the son regards the principle of affairs as the Dharma Realm, he has supported it and formed this new meaning. Therefore, the Confucian scholars often use the principles of affairs and affairs. In “Big School”, he said “Mingde” and “respond to all things” and said “the best is the essence of things”, and said “the investigation of things” and said “the most important thing” and said “the most important thing”. In “The Doctrine of the Mean”, he said “Tao” and said “Tao means “the Tao means that every day is used to matters彩彩公司公司公司’. …For those who are not in the literature, please help the clerk to establish a story.” (“Lecture 2 of “Ling Tingkan Selected Collection” 3, page 142) Ling believes that the “reason” in the intrinsic meaning of theory refers to the intrinsic meaning of theory to establish a discussion by teaching, and is different from the Confucian intrinsic meaning. The theoretical thinking formed by concepts and models such as “physical use” and “counselected” in the Song and Ming dynasties was also influenced by the scholars. “The reason why Confucians of Song Dynasty wrote the chapter “Four Books” was that they were not present but not subjects, and they were not present but not practical, that is, they were not present but not learning. The despised Confucians fought against Jinxi, or fought against Yangming, and each stood in their own hands. I have been talking endlessly, but how could it be like a bull in the sage? Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been many ways to talk about it, and there have been no Xin’an and Yaojiang schools. It has been a long time since the Tang Dynasty. I have never been able to learn from the sage. I have never been able to learn from the sage for a long time. I think it is true that I have forgotten that the ‘counciation’ and ‘use of the sage’ is not the words of the sage. How sad!” (“Good Worry”; “Ling Tingkan Selected Collection” 3, pages 142-143) In “Yao Jiang Chapter”, Ling even directly denies that theory and mind have deviated from the way of saints and entered the learning of sages. He said: “Hui Weng has no supernatural elixir, and is well-versed in Buddhism and old people. The essence of the body is subtle and the body is clear, and the face hole is more special. …Yangming also studied in the Pavilion, how can we learn from the country? Until now, the two schools have discussed each other, and they are confused when they go to the past. ” (“Yao Jiang Pian”, “Ling Tingkan Selected Collection” fourth volume, page 143) Whether it is science or heart science, they both “support Confucianism to advance”, “become Buddhist masters with peace and understanding of Buddhism and the two families” (“Yao Jiang Pian”, “The fourth volume, page 143). In Ling’s view, science and mind science are Confucianism in general, and essentially the Buddhist masters’ studies.
Ling Ting was highly regarded as the central force of the Qianlong and Jiaqing examination school. However, in the era where Ling family was located, the disadvantages of Hanxue also appeared. In this regard, Ling also had an understanding of this. He said: “The Mao family of Guling came out and reversed the situation of Lian, Luo, Guan and Guan, and defeated the situation of Lian, Luo, Guan and Guan. It did not take any extra effort, but was in vain. There were still many martial arts and failed to match the ancient training. When the words “Wyeth and Xiu Ning Dai” were followed by the words “Mysterious” and “Mysterious” must be used to express the old pronunciation and the passage must be of ancient meaning, and they must be of two styles. Those who admire it will envy its name and forget its reality, and find its appearance and reap its truth. …I don’t understand the origin of the eternal academic process, but I only think t TC:
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